Fuzzy Logic Controller for Dynamic Price Based Charging of Electric Vehicle

Abstract

Future transportation sector prefers use of electric vehicles (EVs) to reduce CO2 emission and fuel consumption. But large scale integration and uncoordinated charging of electric vehicles will have a negative impact on grid performance, especially during peak periods. Therefore, a coordinated control technique is required to manage EV battery charging and discharging. Many techniques, including PI control, model predictive control, adaptive control, hysteresis control, droop loop control, and fuzzy logic control, are used to address this problem. Due to the uncertainty in EV charging, fuzzy logic control is chosen over other technologies. In this research work, a novel control mechanism based on a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is developed to enhance grid performance. This controller is based on real time pricing scheme. Real time pricing (RTP), voltage deviation, and charging requirement are the FLC's inputs parameters, while the charging/discharging rate is the FLC's output parameter. The system was tested in a DC distribution system. This method is applicable to demand side energy management to the grid. RTP based controller compared with time of unit(TOU) based controller. This control approach can meet the charging requirements of EV users, as well as the minimum voltage deviation, EV overloading, and the reduction of emissions.