BIM-Based Risk Analysis in Bridge Engineering

Abstract

In recent years, although there has been a significant decline in construction occupational disasters, construction and labor safety planning are still the focus of the government’s vigorous promotion. According to the data from the Institute of Labor and Occupational Safety and Health of the Ministry of Labor, the construction industry has the highest occupational accident rate per thousand people, indicating that construction occupational safety still needs to be greatly improved. BIM has been widely used in construction projects. Its visibility, coordination, and simulation characteristics should be able to find construction hazards that are relatively invisible on general 2D construction drawings. Thus, this study uses BIM to assist in analyzing the construction risks of the bridge and researches on construction activities of relatively high risks with a bridge project as an example, to reduce the risks that may occur during actual construction activities. The research results indicate that the weight of each part of the main bridge tower is obtained by the BIM model, and the crane is selected after the rated load is calculated. This process prevents the weight of hanging objects from exceeding the rated load of the crane, thereby reducing the possibility of objects flying off from the crane. Two software packages, namely SketchUp and Fuzor, are used to simulate the movement line of the crane and the gyration radius of a hanging operation in advance. This process reduces (1) the risk of collision between cranes due to an overlap of their gyration radii and (2) the risk of collision between the crane and construction personnel who enter into the gyration radius during hanging operations.