Predicting Kidney Care Behaviors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: An Application of Health Belief Model

Abstract

Purpose: Kidney failure is one of the most important late complications of diabetes with more than half of people waiting for a kidney transplant are people with diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to predict kidney care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes based on Health Belief Model. The purpose of this study, was predict to care of kidney in type 2 diabetes patients based on Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 240 patients with type 2 diabetes were selected by simple random sampling method from health centers in Arak in 2020 and information on kidney care behaviors were collected through a reliable and valid questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model and analyzed using Linear regressions. Results: The mean age of patients was 47.51±7.86 years, the mean FBS was 159.65 ± 55.01 mg / dl and the mean score of patients' performances in kidney care was 30.31± 6.42. Among the constructs of the Health Belief Model, awareness (67.6%), severity (38%), self-efficacy (31.8%) and internal cues to action (16.4%) have the highest predictive power and all of the above structures predicted 49% kidney care behavior. Conclusion: This study showed that increasing the information of patients in the field of recognizing renal complications, emphasizing the role of cues to action and finally, increasing the ability of patients to care for the kidneys and prevent kidney complications should be emphasized in educational programs for patients with diabetes.