Experiences and Expectations of Young Residents of Impoverished Neighbourhoods in Central America

Carlos Sandoval-García
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Abstract

This article analyses experiences and expectations of young residents of impoverished neighbourhoods in Central American capital cities. Four main subject areas are explored: the representation of the local and national environment, demands and desires for the future, the means by which young people expect to achieve (or not achieve) said demands, and sociodemographic factors. The selected neighbourhoods were El Limón in Guatemala City, Popotlán in San Salvador, Nueva Capital in Tegucigalpa, Jorge Dimitrov in Managua and La Carpio in San José. A sample of 300 respondents were selected using sampling quotas. One of the primary findings of the study is that 37.7% of participants neither study nor work, and that only 15% have access to social security. Although inequality was not identified as being among the most pressing problems, when asked about the distribution of wealth in their respective countries, 73.6% of participants considered said distribution to be ‘very unfair’ or ‘unfair’. This recognition of inequality coexists with a deeply rooted conservatism and a largely unquestioned belief in the legitimacy of destiny and parental authority. Against this historical background, electoral democracy is far from offering any kind of significant or profound response and has deepened the institutional void, and in many cases, migration has become more of a push than a choice.
中美洲贫困社区青年居民的经验与期望
本文分析了中美洲首都城市贫困社区的年轻居民的经历和期望。四个主要的主题领域进行了探讨:地方和国家环境的代表性,对未来的需求和愿望,年轻人期望实现(或不实现)所述需求的手段,以及社会人口因素。选定的社区是危地马拉城的El Limón、圣萨尔瓦多的Popotlán、特古西加尔巴的Nueva Capital、马那瓜的Jorge Dimitrov和圣何塞的La Carpio。采用抽样配额抽取300名受访者。该研究的主要发现之一是,37.7%的参与者既不学习也不工作,只有15%的人有社会保障。尽管不平等并不是最紧迫的问题之一,但当被问及各自国家的财富分配时,73.6%的参与者认为分配“非常不公平”或“不公平”。这种对不平等的认识与根深蒂固的保守主义以及对命运和父母权威的合法性的基本毋庸置疑的信仰并存。在这一历史背景下,选举民主远没有提供任何重大或深刻的回应,反而加深了制度空白,在许多情况下,移民更多地成为一种推动,而不是一种选择。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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