Active Cell Balancing During Charging and Discharging of Lithium-Ion Batteries in MATLAB/Simulink

Abstract

Several cell balancing ways to address the issue of cells that don’t match up in a series string have been suggested in the literature. Dissipative balancing is the easiest and least expensive of these options. But this isn’t very effective and takes a long time to balance. Capacitor balancing is a popular way to transfer energy because it is easy to use, small, and cheap. However, it has a slow balancing speed, so converter-based balancing has been used a lot. Lastly, runtime balancing, which is a relatively new technique, does a good job of balancing speed and efficiency. This paper compared different cell balancing techniques. Battery pack consisting of 4 cells whose balancing mechanism are discussed. The proposed active cell balancing model balance cell voltages by using the Buck-Boost converter technique. It also demonstrates the comparison between the active cell balancing with passive cell balancing and the latter its model is implemented utilizing switching-shunt resistors. Active cell balancing (ACB) proves to be better for lithium-ion battery-powered electric cars, according to this research. The proposed ACB method takes T=7.285s, T=3.953s and T=7.91s during static, charging and discharging state respectively, for cell balancing. This work shows that the proposed ACB technique balance cell faster than the passive cell balance technique, along with less power loss.