EFFICIENCY OF NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL REFORESTATION IN THE BURNT OUT AREAS OF THE WEST SIBERIAN NORTH TAIGA LOWLAND FOREST REGION

Abstract

Проанализирована эффективность лесных культур и естественного лесовозобновления на гарях подзоны северной тайги в Западно-Сибирском северо-таежном равнинном лесном районе. Исследования проводились в соответствии с широко известными апробированными методиками на постоянных пробных площадях. На основании выполненных исследований установлено, что все лесные культуры, созданные на гарях, характеризуются относительно низкой сохранностью и требуют работ по дополнению. Основной причиной гибели сеянцев является зарастание гарей мягколиственными породами. Спустя 5 лет после пожара создание лесных культур на гарях представляет собой, по сути, реконструкцию мягколиственных молодняков. Учитывая специфику климатических условий Западно-Сибирского северо-таежного равнинного лесного района, при наличии обсеменителей целесообразно отказаться от лесных культур на гарях, обеспечивая формирование смешанных хвойных насаждений рубками ухода. Кроме того, принимая во внимание экологическую роль берез повислой (Betula pendula Roth.) и пушистой (B. Pubescens Ehrh.), уместно перевести их в разряд главных пород при ведении лесного хозяйства. The effectiveness of forest plantations and natural reforestation on the burnt-out areas of the northern taiga subzone in the west sibirian northern taiga plain forest is analyzed. The studies were carried out in accordance with the wellknown methods tested by Dancheva, Zalesov, Bunkova ey all., 2020 on permanent trial plots. Based on the studies performed, it was found all forest plantations crlated on the burnt out are as are characterized by relatively low safety and require additional work. The main reason for the death of seedlings is the overgrowth of burnt areas with soft hardwoods 5 years after the fi re, the creation of forest plantations in the burnt areas is in fact a reconstruction of soft deciduous young forests. Taking into account the specifi cs of the climatic conditions of the west Siberian north taiga plain forest region in the presence of inseminators it is advisable to abandon forest plantation on burnt out areas, ensuring the formation of mixed coniferous plantations by thinning. Besides, taking into account the ecological role of drooping (Betula pendula Roth.) and pubescent (B. pubescens Ehrth.) birches it is advisable to transfer them to the category of the main species in forestry. The effectiveness of forest plantations and natural reforestation on the burnt-out areas of the northern taiga subzone in the west sibirian northern taiga plain forest is analyzed. The studies were carried out in accordance with the wellknown methods tested by Dancheva, Zalesov, Bunkova ey all., 2020 on permanent trial plots. Based on the studies performed, it was found all forest plantations crlated on the burnt out are as are characterized by relatively low safety and require additional work. The main reason for the death of seedlings is the overgrowth of burnt areas with soft hardwoods 5 years after the fi re, the creation of forest plantations in the burnt areas is in fact a reconstruction of soft deciduous young forests. Taking into account the specifi cs of the climatic conditions of the west Siberian north taiga plain forest region in the presence of inseminators it is advisable to abandon forest plantation on burnt out areas, ensuring the formation of mixed coniferous plantations by thinning. Besides, taking into account the ecological role of drooping (Betula pendula Roth.) and pubescent (B. pubescens Ehrth.) birches it is advisable to transfer them to the category of the main species in forestry. Keywords: northern taiga subzone, burned out area, reforestation, forest crops, reforestation