FINANCIAL AND BUDGETARY PROBLEMS OF THE CAPITALS OF THE REPUBLICS, REGIONAL CENTERS

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the need to ensure the economic independence of regional budgets, reduce their dependence on the federal center, which will ensure enhancement of the economy of the entire state in the face of total economic sanctions from the West. In the composition of local budgets in the budgetary system of the Russian Federation, a special place is occupied by administrative centers (capitals of republics, regional centers) belonging to urban districts, whose budgets are formed according to the general rules applied to all links that make up local budgets. The purpose of the article is to investigate the existing fiscal mechanism, its impact on the budgets of administrative centers on the example of 6 autonomous republics that are part of the Volga Federal District. Materials and methods. The study is based on data from Rosstat, the Ministry of Finance of Russia, the Federal Tax Service of Russia, the tax legislation of the regions under study. The study used analysis and synthesis, grouping, generalization, tabular method. Study results. The study established the presence of a high centralization degree in budget revenues: more than a third of all federal budget revenues, including up to 40% of tax revenues, are concentrated in the Central Federal District. According to data for 2021, the share of gratuitous receipts in budget revenues varies from 10.6% in the Central Federal District to 64.2% in the North Caucasus Federal District. In the amount of tax revenues in the consolidated budgets of the republics, the share of the capitals of the republics is insignificant, and this is the reason why the share of gratuitous receipts in the budgets of the republican capitals is large, many times exceeding the amount of tax revenues of the budgets. The tax revenues in the budgets of the capitals of the regions per one inhabitant are significantly less than the tax revenues per one inhabitant in the republic as a whole. Conclusions. These circumstances indicate the need to make significant changes to the fiscal mechanism regarding the formation of budgets of the regional administrative centers.