Complex Near-Orthogonal Designs with No Zero Entry

Abstract

Zero entries in complex orthogonal designs (CODs) impede their practical implementation. In this paper, a method of obtaining a no zero entry (NZE) code for 2k+1 antennas whenever a NZE code exists for 2k antennas is presented. This is achieved with slight increase in the ML decoding complexity for regular QAM constellations and no increase for other complex constellations. Since NZE CODs have been constructed recently for 8 antennas our method leads to NZE codes for 16 antennas. Simulation results show good performance of our new codes compared to the well known constructions for 16 and 32 antennas under peak power constraints.