Changes in Soil Conservation Service of Ecosystems from 1990 to 2010 in Sancha River Basin, China

Abstract

土壤侵蚀已经成为威胁人类社会生存和发展的全球性问题。在中国喀斯特山区，地质环境脆弱，生态敏感度高，土壤侵蚀严重。研究该区域生态系统的土壤保持功能变化，对于评估喀斯特山区生态系统恢复效果，促进该区域的自然与经济协调发展有重要意义。本文以贵州三岔河流域为研究区，基于InVEST模型土壤保持模块，评估了三岔河流域1990~2010年生态系统的土壤保持量，探索了三岔河流域土壤保持功能的时空变化，揭示了不同土地利用类型的土壤保持能力。研究表明，1990~2010年三岔河流域土壤保持总量增加了0.33 × 108 t/a，增长率达到了12.03%，平均土壤保持量增加了68.59 t/(hm2•a)。不同土地利用类型的年平均土壤保持量变化有明显差异，其中建设用地的增长率最高，为15.88%，草地和耕地的增长率其次，分别为12.86%、12.30%，林地和未利用地的增长率相对较小，分别为10.92%、10.02%。 Soil erosion has become a global issue threatening the survival and development of human society. The Karst mountain areas of China have fragile geological environment, high ecological sensitivity and serious soil erosion. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the change of soil conservation ser-vice of ecosystem in Karst mountain area, which is benefit for assessing the stability of the ecosys-tem and for promoting the harmonious development of nature and economy. This paper evaluated the soil conservation function of ecosystem in Sancha River Basin of Guizhou from 1990 to 2010 based on the SDR module of InVEST model. The spatio-temporal variation and capability of different land use types of soil conservation in Sancha River Basin were also analyzed. It was found that: From 1990 to 2010, the total soil conservation increased by 0.33 × 108 t/a, with a growth rate of 12.02% the average soil conservation increased 68.28 t/(hm2•a). Significant differences in average soil conservation emerged in different land use types. Construction land has the highest growth rate (15.88%), followed by grassland (12.86%), cultivated land (12.30%), forest (10.92%) and unused land (10.02%).