The Role of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in the Formation of the Taxpayer Integrity Concept

T. Afanasyeva
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Abstract

The article investigates the influence of the positions of the Constitution-al Court of the Russian Federation on the formation of the taxpayer integrity presumption in Russian law. The research is conducted in the context of the implementation and protection of taxpayers` rights. The lack of a uniform un-derstanding of the constitutional principal content determines the problems as-sociated with the legal assessment of the actions of taxpayers aimed at opti-mizing the tax burden. Taking into account the place of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation in the political system of the country as the highest body of constitutional control, which approves the principles of legali-ty both in law-making and in law enforcement, it is concluded that the leading role in the formation of the taxpayer integrity concept belong to the Constitu-tional Court of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the analysis of the practical implementation of a number of provisions of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, their interpretation by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation showed a lack of consistency in its positions regarding the assessment of the legality (illegality) of tax benefits. The latter, in turn, has a negative impact on the law enforcement process in the field of taxation and makes us think about the mechanism for reviewing our positions by the Con-stitutional Court of the Russian Federation.
俄罗斯联邦宪法法院在纳税人诚信观念形成中的作用
本文考察了俄罗斯联邦宪法法院的立场对俄罗斯法律中纳税人诚信推定形成的影响。本研究是在纳税人权利实施与保护的背景下进行的。缺乏对宪法主要内容的统一理解决定了对纳税人旨在优化税收负担的行为进行法律评估的相关问题。考虑到俄罗斯联邦宪法法院作为最高宪法监督机构在国家政治体系中的地位,它在立法和执法中都认可合法性原则,因此得出结论,纳税人诚信概念形成的主导作用属于俄罗斯联邦宪法法院。同时,对俄罗斯联邦税法若干条款的实际执行情况以及俄罗斯联邦宪法法院对这些条款的解释进行的分析表明,在评估税收优惠的合法性(非法性)方面,俄罗斯联邦宪法法院的立场缺乏一致性。后者反过来又对税收领域的执法过程产生消极影响,并使我们考虑由俄罗斯联邦宪法法院审查我们立场的机制。
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