Problematisation of Trauma in European Scientific Discourse of Late XIX-Early XX Century: Cultural and Historical Context

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to investigate the cultural and historical context of the problematisation of the phenomenon of trauma in the European scientific discourse of the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, to reveal the influence, role and significance of historical discourse on the problematisation of trauma. The research methodology includes general scientific principles of systematisation and generalisation of the investigated problem, which allowed defining and scientifically substantiating the existing theories, conceptual approaches to understanding the meaning of the concept of "trauma". The purpose and tasks of the article determined the use of an axiological approach, which allowed revealing the interdisciplinary nature of the considered theories, to reveal personalised scientific positions. The use of the analytical method helped identify the conceptual foundations for further scientific perspectives of the understanding of trauma, traumatisation from the perspective of applied cultural knowledge. The scientific novelty consists in the study of theoretical concepts of the problematisation of trauma in the European scientific discourse of the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, outlined the cultural and historical context of research. Conclusions. The traumatic events experienced by Ukrainians differ in the scale and depth of the destruction of the social and cultural order of life and existence. The issue of practical identification and overcoming of injuries is relevant for the Ukrainian present and requires active scientific consideration. The meaningful filling of the theoretical problematisation of the trauma went through the path of interdisciplinary understanding and its entry into the scientific toolkit and its subject study. The researched scientific approaches and concepts are the theoretical basis for the development of detraumatisation strategies within the framework of trauma studies as an independent field of applied cultural scientific knowledge. Key words: trauma, traumatisation, problematisation of trauma, traumatic experience.