ASAP: Endowing Adaptation Capability to Agent in Human-Agent Interaction

Abstract

Socially Interactive Agents (SIAs) offer users with interactive face-to-face conversations. They can take the role of a speaker and communicate verbally and nonverbally their intentions and emotional states; but they should also act as active listener and be an interactive partner. In human-human interaction, interlocutors adapt their behaviors reciprocally and dynamically. The endowment of such adaptation capability can allow SIAs to show social and engaging behaviors. In this paper, we focus on modelizing the reciprocal adaptation to generate SIA behaviors for both conversational roles of speaker and listener. We propose the Augmented Self-Attention Pruning (ASAP) neural network model. ASAP incorporates recurrent neural network, attention mechanism of transformers, and pruning technique to learn the reciprocal adaptation via multimodal social signals. We evaluate our work objectively, via several metrics, and subjectively, through a user perception study where the SIA behaviors generated by ASAP is compared with those of other state-of-the-art models. Our results demonstrate that ASAP significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art models and thus shows the importance of reciprocal adaptation modeling.