RUSSIAN COUNTER-TERRORISM STRATEGY

I. Kozachenko, D. Sergeev, A. Sumachev
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Abstract

Introduction: terrorism has acquired very many features of a global phenomenon. Terrorist activity by one and the same organization or by a group of organizations can simultaneously be traced down in several states or territories. It has naturally led to the competition of different law orders in elaborating strategies to counter terrorism and hampered developing unified approaches. Methods: based on law comparative methods, the article focuses on the analysis of factors which have served as the basis for the Russian current strategy of countering terrorism. Analysis: in the authors’ view, «the counter-terrorism strategy implies a set of measures aimed at preventing acts of terror and minimizing damage. Such strategies, as a rule, include political and organization and legal subsystems (criminal, administrative and other law) the content of which is determined by the following factors: 1) historical and social as well as territorial features of terrorism in a state; 2) adherence to certain international instruments in countering terrorism; 3) international terrorist organizations operational in a particular region; 4) working methods of terrorist organizations and of individual terrorists in a region; 5) peculiarities of national legislation on countering terrorism; 6) the political system of a state and a focus of international policy. Results: the research of national strategies serves as a set of methods for elaborating a universal (global) strategy which, at the first stage, should include a legal assessment of new challenges; unification of criminal legislation of different countries of the world on the matters of qualification and penalties for terrorist acts; unification of approaches to recognizing organizations terrorist ones.
俄罗斯反恐战略
导读:恐怖主义已经具备了许多全球性现象的特征。同一个组织或一组组织的恐怖活动可以同时在几个州或地区被追查到。它自然导致了不同法律秩序在制定反恐战略方面的竞争,并阻碍了制定统一办法。方法:运用法律比较法,对构成俄罗斯当前反恐战略基础的因素进行分析。分析:在作者看来,“反恐战略意味着一系列旨在防止恐怖行为和尽量减少损失的措施。这种策略通常包括政治、组织和法律子系统(刑法、行政和其他法律),其内容由以下因素决定:1)一国恐怖主义的历史、社会和领土特征;2)在反恐方面遵守某些国际文书;(三)在特定地区活动的国际恐怖组织;(四)本地区恐怖组织和恐怖分子个人的活动方法;5)各国反恐立法的特点;6)一个国家的政治制度和国际政策的焦点。结果:对国家战略的研究是制订普遍(全球)战略的一套方法,在第一阶段应包括对新挑战的法律评估;世界各国在恐怖主义行为的定性和处罚问题上的刑事立法统一;统一识别恐怖组织的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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