The Birth of a Bipolar Party System or a Referendum on a Polarizing Government? The October 2007 Polish Parliamentary Election

A. Szczerbiak
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引用次数: 60

Abstract

The 2007 Polish parliamentary election is best understood as a plebiscite on the polarizing government led by the right-wing Law and Justice party and its controversial ‘Fourth Republic’ political project. The liberal-conservative Civic Platform opposition won because it was able to persuade Poles that voting for them was the most effective way of removing this government from office. The election also indicates that the ‘post-communist divide’ that dominated and provided structural order to the Polish political scene during the 1990s is passing into history and certainly means a more consolidated Polish party system. However, Poland still has very high levels of electoral volatility and low electoral turnout, together with low levels of party institutionalization and extremely weak links between parties and their supporters. This means that it is too early to say whether the election also marks the emergence of a stable Polish party system based on a new bipolar divide between two big centre-right groupings with the confinement of the left to the status of a minor actor.
两极政党制度的诞生还是两极政府的全民公决?2007年10月波兰议会选举
2007年波兰议会选举最好被理解为对右翼法律与正义党领导的两极分化政府及其有争议的“第四共和国”政治计划的公民投票。自由保守的反对派公民纲领党(Civic Platform)之所以获胜,是因为它能够说服波兰人,投票给他们是罢免现任政府的最有效方式。这次选举也表明,在20世纪90年代主导并为波兰政治舞台提供结构性秩序的“后共产主义分裂”正在成为历史,当然也意味着波兰政党体系将更加巩固。然而,波兰的选举波动性仍然很高,投票率也很低,政党制度化程度也很低,政党及其支持者之间的联系也非常薄弱。这意味着,现在说这次选举是否标志着一个稳定的波兰政党体系的出现还为时过早,该体系建立在两大中右集团之间新的两极分化的基础上,而左翼则被限制在次要角色的地位。
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