Evolución jurídica del contenido del deber de justicia en contextos transicionales en Colombia

Abstract

The Colombian State, as an international subject of law, is responsible for ensuring the access to justice through its duty to investigate, judge and sanction everyone responsible of actions considered violations of Human Rights and of the International Humanitarian Law. In Colombia, the development of transitional models and measures intended to put an end to the armed conflict have involved different moments and interpretations around the way of balancing the aspiration of peace and the total satisfaction of justice; ranging from maximalist positions in favor of the duty of assuring full justice, to those approaches that prefer the weighting and integration of principles and values. The development of the current System of Truth, Justice, Reparation and Non-repetition (sivjrnr, in Spanish), within the frame of the Peace Agreement with theFarc guerrilla group, provides an opportunity to consolidate and equilibrate positions with the aim of implementing a truly comprehensive model of transitional justice in our country. KEY WORDS: International duty of justice, Human Rights, International Humanitarian Law, transitional justice. RESUMOO Estado colombiano como um sujeito de direito internacional e responsavel por garantir justica por meio do dever de investigar, processar e punir todos os responsaveis e todos os comportamentos decorrentes de graves violacoes dos direitos humanos e do direito humanitario internacional. O desenvolvimento de modelos e medidas de transicao na Colombia para o final do conflito armado levou implicitos diferentes momentos e interpretacoes sobre como equilibrar o desejo de materializar a paz e a satisfacao do valor absoluto da justica, passando por posicoes maximalistas a favor do dever de assegurar justica plena ate aquelas que tendem pela ponderacao e integracao de principios e valores. O desenvolvimento do atual Sistema de Verdade, Justica, Reparacao e nao Repeticao (sivjrnr), no âmbito do acordo para acabar com o conflito com as Forcas Armadas Revolucionarias da Colombia (Farc), abre a oportunidade para consolidar e equilibrar posicoes, a fim de implantar um modelo verdadeiramente integral de justica de transicao para o nosso pais.