Physical activity of Ukrainian people interned in camps on the territory of the province of Łódź in the years 1920–1938

Julian Jaroszewski
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

After the truce between Poland and Russia had been signed in October 1920, the soldiers of the Ukrainian People’s Republic who crossed the Polish border were first disarmed and then impris-oned in internment camps. In 1921 over 15 000 people were sent to camps on the territory of the province of Łódź, namely to Kalisz-Szczypiorno, Piotrków Trybunalski and Strzałkowo. The camps functioned until 1924 and after their liquidation, the internees had to leave the territory of Poland or, after obtaining the status of political immigrants, they were granted a permit to stay. Those who stayed settled in Kalisz, in the so-called Ukrainian Stanitsa. They lived in shabby con-ditions. However, although isolated and subjected to hostile agitation by Bolshevik authorities, they managed to restore their patriotic and national spirit as well as their sports and health character. Cultural and educational activity, apart from theatres, choirs, libraries, the press was run primarily by schools. The Ukrainian people attended both camp (Ukrainian) schools and Polish schools where they participated in PE classes as part of the curriculum. Moreover, the sports movement developed, supported by the American YMCA association. Their sports level made it possible to compete with the leading regional teams. Sports Activities, apart from their pro-health impact, integrated the Ukrainian community.
1920-1938年期间在Łódź省境内的集中营中被拘留的乌克兰人的身体活动
1920年10月,波兰和俄罗斯签署停战协议后,越过波兰边境的乌克兰人民共和国士兵首先被解除武装,然后被关进拘留营。1921年,超过15 000人被送往Łódź省境内的集中营,即Kalisz-Szczypiorno、Piotrków Trybunalski和Strzałkowo。这些集中营一直运作到1924年,在它们被清理后,被拘留者必须离开波兰领土,或者在获得政治移民身份后,他们获得居留许可。那些留在卡利什的人,在所谓的乌克兰斯坦尼察定居。他们住在简陋的条件下。然而,尽管被孤立并受到布尔什维克当局的敌对鼓动,他们设法恢复了爱国主义和民族精神,以及他们的体育和健康特征。文化和教育活动,除了剧院、唱诗班、图书馆外,新闻界主要由学校经营。乌克兰人参加了营地(乌克兰)学校和波兰学校,他们参加体育课作为课程的一部分。此外,在美国基督教青年会的支持下,体育运动得到了发展。他们的运动水平使他们有可能与领先的地区队竞争。体育活动除了具有促进健康的影响外,还使乌克兰社区融为一体。
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