Research on the Interactive Model of Traditional Village Protection and Cultural Tourism Development—Taking the Baima Tibetan Traditional Village in Jiuzhaigou County as an Example

Abstract

Nowadays, as the multi-cultural value attributes of traditional Chinese villages have great attraction to the majority of tourists, many traditional villages choose to develop tourism to achieve their common development in economy, society and culture. However, in the actual development process, it often encounters two-way dilemma. Taking the traditional villages of Baima Tibetans in Jiuzhaigou County as the research object, this paper deeply analyzes the interaction between the protection and inheritance of the traditional villages of Baima Tibetans and the tourism development from the perspective of the intangible cultural heritage protection. Finally, it is concluded that the protection of traditional villages and the development of folklore tourism should be based on traditional culture, then carry out relevant research and take reasonable measures to establish a sustainable two-way interactive model to achieve a win-win situation between culture and tourism. Keywords—Traditional village protection, folk tourism, interactive model, Baima Tibetans I. THE CULTURAL ECOLOGY STATUS OF BAIMA TIBETAN TRADITIONAL VILLAGES IN JIUZHAIGOU COUNTY A. Analysis of the Current Situation of Cultural Ecology Protection in Traditional Villages Currently, regarding the origin of Baima Tibetan ethnic group, native scholars and local elites tend to the version of “descendant of Di”, that is, the Baima Tibetan is a direct line of Di ethnic group and includes other branches of Di ethnic group such as Yinping Di. Although the original inhabitants of Baima are identified as Tibetans by ethnic identification, they can still clearly express the differences between Baima Tibetans and other Tibetan populations in other dialect areas. In addition, in terms of their traditional beliefs, although foreign Bonismo religion had a greater impact on them, the natural polytheism worship of the indigenous ancestors of Baima is still the basis of their beliefs, which can be confirmed by their various songs and dances in sacrificial rituals. In other words, in the consciousness and concept of Baima Tibetan residents, their ethnic boundary consciousness is very clear, and their internal cultural identity is relatively strong, which is of great value for the protection of Baima Tibetan cultural ecology. However, in the past 30 years, great changes have taken place in Baima Tibetan society and culture, especially the modern civilization has penetrated all fields of production and life in traditional villages. From the process and trend of historical development, the convergence and integration of local culture and foreign culture is inevitable with the changes of time and social progress. However, the fierce collision between the strong foreign culture and the traditional culture in the fragile cultural ecology zone often results in the vulnerability of the latter, which gradually loses its local and national characteristics. Many traditional villages are vacant due to relocation, and many newly relocated villages have lost the traditional community cultural space due to the loss of cultivated land or original way of livelihood. The cultural function has also become more and more intensified, coupled with the young people entering the city for business and work. The population of villages is decreasing sharply and the hollowing of villages is serious. The changes of population structure and production and lifestyle in traditional villages make it more difficult to effectively contain the decline of traditional culture in local areas. B. Analysis of the Image Defilation Phenomenon as a Tourist