Surface Characterisation of Bioactive Titanium Formed Via Anodic Oxidation

Abstract

Anodic oxidation (AO) is one of surface modification method that able to produce specific topographies and enhance bone growth of the titanium (Ti). Modifying the oxide layer of titanium from smooth (bioinert) to rough/porous (bioactive) surface makes this material able to be used as artificial implant for biomedical application. In this study, the effect of AO on the characteristics of titanium in different electrolytes is evaluated. Anodised Ti was prepared using AO method in two different electrolytes (acetic and sulphuric acid) with same concentration (0.3 M). The applied voltage were varied range 50 – 200 V, with constant 75 mA.cm-2 of current density for 10 min of oxidation process at room temperature. The anodised titanium films were characterised using X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). From this study, it is proven that the strong acid (sulphuric acid) is more effective to be used as electrolyte in order to produce rougher surface (formation of anatase and rutile) compared to weak acid (acetic acid) which able to produce small amount of anatase only