Prevalence of small ruminants digestive parasitosis in the Communes of Bohicon, Djidja and Zogbodomey, center of Benin

Abstract

An epidemiological study of parasitism has been undertaken in the Communes of Bohicon, Djidja and Zogbodomey on 300  small ruminants. The coproscopic technics of flotation and sedimentation realized on Djallonke and Oudah sheeps and on guinean dwarf goats have shown parasites like Dicrocoeluim sp, Monieza expanza sp, Cappillaria sp, Strongyloide sp likewise strongylides eggs and Trichostrongylide commonly called ''strongles eggs'' and some oocysts coccidiosis like Eimeria sp. This study has revealed that the animal global infestation rate to helminth and oocysts like Eimeria sp was from 82.47% in goats versus 80.77% in sheeps. The helminthic was more raised in sheeps (69.87%) than goats (36.25%) (P < 0.05). The strongles were the most helminths met with the rates of 89.65% in goats and 83.62% in sheeps. The coccidiosis prevalence was 87.5% in goats versus 83.13% in sheeps. By considering the Communes, the rate of coccidian oocysts were 61.84%, 91.01%, and 98.76% respectively in Djidja, Bohicon and Zogbodomey. According to coprology methods used, the flotation was shown to be more sensible with 73.95% of positive samples in comparison to the sedimentation (63.57%). The predominance of nematodes and trematodes’s eggs can explain this difference in the sensitivities. A close collaboration between the Veterinary laboratory of Bohicon, the agents of the rural development in the field and the breeders by strategical intervention based on the association ''diagnosis-deworming'' at the end of dry season and the rainy season must be considered. However, the development of this type of farming , accelerated by the expectation of products more "natural" by consumers, increases the risk parasite.