Identifikasi Jenis dan Nilai Penting Gulma Tanaman Padi Sawah di Lahan Food Estate Desa Umbu Pabal Selatan, Kabupaten Sumba Tengah

Abstract

Gulma merupakan tumbuhan liar yang tumbuh di antara tanaman budidaya padi sawah yang tidak dikehendaki keberadaannya karena dapat merugikan tanaman budidaya dalam persaingan kebutuhan unsur hara yang dapat menimbulkan penurunan hasil panen petani. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan nilai penting gulma pada lahan tanaman padi sawah di Desa Umbu Pabal Selatan, Kabupaten Sumba Tengah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari - Maret 2022. Pengambilan sampel di lakukan di 15 titik pada 3 lokasi yang berbeda yang di tentukan dengan metode purposive sampling dengan ukuran 1x1 meter. Hasil identifikasi jenis gulma secara umum terdapat 8 jenis gulma yaitu Cyperus iria, Cyperus disfformis, Fimbristylis miliacia, Fimbristylis dichomata, Cuphea carthagenesis, Monochoria vaginalis, Echinochloa colona L. dan Echinochloa crus- galli. Berdasarkan perhitungan niali penting di peroleh 3 jenis gulma dengan nilai tertinggi yaitu gulma F. miliacia dengan nilai 80, 50%, C.  iria L. 51,93% dan gulma C. disfformis dengan nilai 50,74% serta gulma paling rendah adalah gulma C. carthagenesis 12,22%. Weeds are wild plants that grow among rice cultivation plants. It can harm cultivated plants because of competition in nutrient absorption and finally decreasing yields. This research was conducted to identify the types and importance of weeds in lowland rice fields in Umbu Pabal Selatan Village, Central Sumba Regency. This research was conducted in February to March 2022. Sampling was carried out at 15 points at 3 different locations determined by the purposive sampling method with a size of 1x1 meter. The results of the identification of weed types in general are 8 types of weeds which are divided into 4 families and 3 groups and there are 3 types of weeds with the highest value being Fimbristylis miliacia weed with a value of 80.50%, Cyperus iria L. 51.93% and weed Cyperus dysfformis with a value of 50.74% with the lowest weed is Cuphea carthagenesis 12.22% With the results of the analysis of significant value data, it can be seen that the highest value was Fimbristylis miliacia weed and the lowest weed was Cuphea carthagenesis weed.