Relationship between Diet Patterns and the Incidence of Anemia among Adolescent Girls at SMA Giki 1 Surabaya

Abstract

Background : Young women are more prone to anemia because young women on entering puberty experience rapid growth so that the need for iron also increases with the increase in growth. Teenagers often consume fast food, especially at school. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between diet pattern and the incidence of anemia in teenage girls at SMA GIKI Surabaya. Methods: This study uses cross sectional approach among teenage girls in class X and XI SMA GIKI 1 Surabaya with a total of 127 students, with simple random sampling and obtained a sample of 98 students. The questionnaires used include dietary habits (amount, type and frequency) and total hemoglobin levels, the data obtained were tested using the Spearman Rho statistical test. Results: Based on the results of the study, from 98 respondents, 87 (88.8%) respondents had poor eating pattern, and 11 (11.2%) in the good eating pattern category. While the incidence of anemia obtained data on respondents who are not anemic as many as 57 (58.2%), respondents who experience anemia are 41 (41.8%). Based on the results Spearman's Rho statistical test, was found that = 0.003, = 0.05, indicating that diet has a relationship with the incidence of anemia in teenage girls at SMA GIKI 1 Surabaya. Conclusion: Inappropriate eating patterns can cause anemia which can have a negative impact on adolescents. For this reason, adolescents should prevent anemia by limiting their intake of fast food. Applying a healthy diet such as consuming fruits and vegetables, and increasing knowledge can prevent anemia.