KAJIAN KUALITAS AIR WADUK BATUJAI DALAM UPAYA PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN AIR DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

Abstract

Kondisi Waduk Batujai saat ini memperihatinkan akibat pencemaran. Beragam sumber pencemar masuk dan terakumulasi di waduk diantaranya berasal dari kegiatan produktif dan non produktif dari permukiman dan dari kegiatan di badan perairan waduk sendiri. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui kondisi kualitas air, sumber dan kontribusi bahan cemaran yang mendominasi air Waduk Batujai sebagai sumber air bersih serta strategi pengendalian pencemaran air Waduk Batujai. Identifikasi kualitas air bersih menggunakan pengujian parameter fisika, kimia dan mikrobiologi dibandingkan dengan baku mutu air PP No.82/2001. Penentuan status mutu air menggunakan metode indeks pencemaran berdasarkan Kepmen LH No.115/2003. Strategi pengendalian pencemaran air menggunakan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu kualitas air Waduk Batujai  mengalami pencemaran, ditunjukkan adanya parameter TSS sebesar 527 mg/L, BOD 6,6 mg/L, COD rata-rata 48,5 mg/L, Fe 0,39 mg/L, MPN Coliform 14000 MPN/100ml dan MPN colitinja sebesar 3300 MPN/100ml yang melebihi baku mutu air bersih. Status mutu air sudah tercemar ringan dengan indeks pencemaran tertinggi sebesar 6,34. Sumber cemaran Waduk Batujai secara keseluruhan berupa limbah rumah tangga, sisa-sisa pupuk pertanian, pakan ternak dan ikan mati. Beban pencemaran Waduk Batujai yang terbesar berupa padatan tersuspensi (TSS) sebesar 527 kg/hari dan parameter COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) 48,5 kg/hari. Strategi pengendalian pencemaran air dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan inventarisasi dan identifikasi sumber pencemar, meningkatkan pengelolaan limbah, menetapkan daya tampung beban pencemaran, meningkatkan pengetahuan dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan limbah, meningkatkan pengawasan terhadap pembuangan air limbah dan meningkatkan pemantauan kualitas air waduk. Kata kunci: kualitas air, pengendalian pencemaran, waduk. The current condition of the Batujai reservoir is in concerned by pollution. Various sources of pollutants entered and accumulated in the reservoir, including from productive and non-productive activities from settlements and from activities in the water bodies of the reservoir itself. The aim of this research was to find out the condition of water quality, sources and contributions of contaminants that dominate the water of the Batujai reservoir as a clean water source and strategies for controlling water pollution in the Batujai reservoir. Identification of clean water quality was done by using physical, chemical and microbiological parameter testing compared to the water quality standard of Government Regulation No.82/2001. Determination of water quality status was done by using pollution index method based on the Ministerial Decree No.115/2003. Water pollution control strategy is conducted by using SWOT analysis. The results of this research was the water quality of the Batujai reservoir is polluted, it is shown that there are TSS parameters of 527 mg/L, BOD 6.6 mg/L, COD on average 48.5 mg/L, Fe 0.39 mg/L, MPN Coliform 14000 MPN/100ml and MPN Colitinja 3300 MPN/100ml which exceeds the clean water quality standard. The status of water quality has been lightly polluted with the highest pollution index being 6.34. The overall sources of contamination in the Batujai reservoir are household waste, agricultural fertilizers remnants, fodder and dead fish. The biggest pollution load of the Batujai reservoir is in the form of suspended solids (TSS) of 527 kg/day and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) 48.5 kg/day. Water pollution control strategies can be done by increasing the inventory and identification of pollutant sources, improving waste management, determining the capacity of pollution load, increasing public knowledge and participation in waste management, increasing monitoring of waste water disposal and improving reservoir water quality monitoring. Keywords: pollution control, reservoir, water quality.