Industrial Applications of Enzymes From Extremophiles

Abstract

Extremophilic microorganisms have developed a variety of molecular tactics to exist in extreme environments. Researchers are fascinated by extremophiles and unearth various enzymes from these fascinating microbes. Extremozymes are astonishing biocatalysts with distinctive properties of catalysis and stability under a multitude of daunting conditions of salt, pH, organic solvents, and temperature, which open up new possibilities for biocatalysis and biotransformation and outcompetes mesophilic counterparts. Biotechnological implications include simple, immobilized, as well as whole-cell applications. Stability in organic solvents adds to the asymmetric catalysis and thereby exemplifies the applicability of extremozymes and in fostering biobased economies. Marine, cold-adapted enzymes, and those that help in the removal of a toxic hazardous substance from the environment are obvious choices for food industries and bioremediation. The major area of application and research emphasis includes textile, detergents, food, dairy, agriculture, and environmental remediation.