18 Art. 20 GG: Preface

Bumke Christian, Voßkuhle Andreas
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Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of three of the central structural principles of the German state and legal system that are found in Art. 20 of the Grundgesetz (GG): the republic principle, the democracy principle, and the federalism principle. Also included in this group of general principles is the rule of law principle, which is implicitly contained in Art. 20 para. 3 GG. The structural principles and state goals articulated in Art. 20 GG serve three primary functions: first, as foundational norms which serve as a catch-all standard for evaluating subjects not specifically regulated by GG; second, as interpretive guidelines for other provisions of GG and for the application of (statutory) laws; and third, as classification categories to which sub-principles are assigned, including the principle of proportionality. These structural principles and state goals are often in tension; a means of reconciling them is by using the concept of practical concordance.
18第20条:前言
本章概述了德国国家和法律体系的三个核心结构原则,这些原则见于《基本法》第20条:共和原则、民主原则和联邦制原则。在这组一般原则中还包括法治原则,这一原则含蓄地载于第20条第1款。第20条GG中阐明的结构原则和国家目标有三个主要功能:第一,作为基本规范,作为评估GG未具体规定的主题的全面标准;第二,作为《基本法》其他条款和(成文法)法律适用的解释性指南;第三,作为分类范畴,赋予子原则,包括比例原则。这些结构原则和国家目标经常处于紧张状态;调和它们的一种方法是使用实践协调的概念。
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