Comparative cost and return analysis of cassava production by adopters and non-adopters of improved cassava varieties among farmers in Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Abstract

This research is a comparative cost and return analysis of cassava production by adopters and non-adopters of improved cassava varieties among farmers in Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 100 respondents in a ratio of 50 adopters and 50 non- adopters. Data were collected through questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Gross margin was carried out to estimate cost and return. Results revealed that females (68 % and 64 %) were dominant for both groups of cassava farmers. Majority (88 %) of the farmers were educated, implying that they would be more amenable to adopt technologies. The cost and return analysis shows that, total variable cost per hectare was N56,455.00 and N36,850.00 with a gross margin of N77,550.00 and N36,560.00 for adopters and non- adopters respectively, indicating that, cassava farming is profitable. Determinants of cassava production for both groups of farmers were farm size, cassava cuttings, fertilizer use and extension contact. Whereas increased farm size, cassava cuttings and extension contact significantly and positively influenced output of both groups of farmers, fertilizer use had a negative but significant influence on output of adopters, implying that fertilizer use resulted in decrease output of the adopters. The adopters are advice to discontinue the use of fertilizer. Furthermore, lack of awareness and high cost of inputs were among the major constraints to full adoption of improved cassava varieties in the study area. Therefore, it is recommended that policies aimed at improving farmer’s education and awareness should be redesign for proper implementation. Keywords: Comparative, cost and return, profitability, cassava, improved varieties, production, adopters, nonadopters