Abstract A195: Mechanosensory mechanisms and in vivo tissue topology contribute to rheology of circulating leukocytes resulting in efficient post-capillary vessel wall adhesion and recruitment

A. Huang, Bryan L. Benson, Luis Correa, Lucy Li, Jay T. Myers, U. Gurkan, R. Ransohoff
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Efficient recruitment of circulating immune cells to various tissues plays a critical role in homeostasis and immune surveillance, a process that serves as the basis of any successful cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer, particularly for solid tumors and cancers residing in body sites outside of blood vessels and sinusoid network. Clinical and experimental observations suggest that in vivo leukocyte adhesion and extravasation are maximal near the transition from capillary to post-capillary venule, through a multistep process that includes the intravascular capture, rolling, arrest, crawling of cells through interactions of adhesion molecules (selectins, integrins, chemokines/receptors, for example), eventually leading to transcellular or paracellular transmigration through intact endothelium. These cellular and molecular processes are strongly influenced by a confluence of scale-dependent physical effects. Mimicking the scale of physiologic vessels using in vitro microfluidic systems allows the capture and investigation of these effects on leukocyte adhesion assays, but imposes practical limits on reproducibility and reliable quantification. We have developed a microfluidic platform that provides multiple (54-512) technical replicates within a 15-minute sample collection time, coupled with an automated computer vision analysis pipeline that captures leukocyte adhesion probabilities as a function of not only shear stress imposed on leukocytes within the vessels as conventional wisdom dictates, but also of the extensional stresses imposed by the topology of post-capillary venules and the rheology of circulating leukocytes in these vessels. We identified that in post-capillary channels of physiologic scale, efficient leukocyte adhesion requires erythrocytes forcing leukocytes against the wall, a phenomenon that is promoted by the transitional flow in post-capillary venule expansions and highly dependent on the adhesion molecule ICAM-1. These studies help identified a mechanosensory mechanism that determines the increased likelihood of leukocyte adhesion in post-capillary venules, and further suggests a significant role of mechanosensory channel(s) in influencing leukocyte integrin affinity for cellular capture to the vessel wall. Through a series of truncation mutants, we have narrowed down a small region of putative interacting domain between integrin and a candidate mechanosensory channel—PIEZO1—on leukocytes. These ongoing investigations offer new insights into immune cellular recruitment and new molecular targets to enhance leukocyte recruitment to peripheral tumor sites. Citation Format: Alex Y. Huang, Bryan L. Benson, Luis Correa, Lucy Li, Jay T. Myers, Umut A. Gurkan, Richard Ransohoff. Mechanosensory mechanisms and in vivo tissue topology contribute to rheology of circulating leukocytes resulting in efficient post-capillary vessel wall adhesion and recruitment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; Sept 30-Oct 3, 2018; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2019;7(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A195.
机械感觉机制和体内组织拓扑有助于循环白细胞的流变学,从而导致有效的毛细血管壁粘附和募集
循环免疫细胞向各种组织的有效募集在稳态和免疫监视中起着关键作用,这一过程是任何成功的基于细胞的癌症免疫治疗策略的基础,特别是对于实体瘤和血管和窦状网络外的身体部位的癌症。临床和实验观察表明,体内白细胞的黏附和外渗在从毛细血管小静脉过渡到毛细血管后小静脉时达到最大,这是一个多步骤的过程,包括通过黏附分子(如选择素、整合素、趋化因子/受体)的相互作用,在血管内捕获、滚动、阻滞、爬行细胞,最终通过完整的内皮细胞进行跨细胞或细胞旁迁移。这些细胞和分子过程受到一系列依赖于尺度的物理效应的强烈影响。使用体外微流体系统模拟生理血管的规模,可以捕获和研究这些对白细胞粘附测定的影响,但对可重复性和可靠的定量施加了实际限制。我们开发了一种微流控平台,可在15分钟的样本采集时间内提供多次(54-512)技术复制,再加上自动计算机视觉分析管道,可捕获白细胞粘附概率,不仅是传统智慧所指示的血管内白细胞剪切应力的函数,但也由毛细血管后小静脉的拓扑结构和这些血管中循环白细胞的流变学施加的拉伸应力。我们发现,在生理尺度的毛细血管后通道中,有效的白细胞粘附需要红细胞迫使白细胞紧贴壁上,这一现象是由毛细血管后小静脉扩张的过渡流动促进的,高度依赖于粘附分子ICAM-1。这些研究有助于确定一种机械感觉机制,该机制决定了白细胞在毛细血管后小静脉中粘附的可能性增加,并进一步表明机械感觉通道在影响白细胞整合素对血管壁细胞捕获的亲和力方面发挥了重要作用。通过一系列的截断突变,我们已经缩小了一个小区域的假设相互作用域之间的整合素和候选的机械感觉通道- piezo1在白细胞上。这些正在进行的研究为免疫细胞募集和新的分子靶点提供了新的见解,以增强白细胞募集到周围肿瘤部位。引文格式:Alex Y. Huang, Bryan L. Benson, Luis Correa, Lucy Li, Jay T. Myers, Umut A. Gurkan, Richard Ransohoff。机械感觉机制和体内组织拓扑有助于循环白细胞的流变学,从而导致有效的毛细血管壁粘附和招募[摘要]。第四届CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR国际癌症免疫治疗会议:将科学转化为生存;2018年9月30日至10月3日;纽约,纽约。费城(PA): AACR;癌症免疫学杂志2019;7(2增刊):摘要nr A195。
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