16-17世紀朝鮮學界「以儒解莊」的詮釋風氣

Abstract

《莊子》一書早在三國時代已傳入韓國，而且經過高麗、朝鮮時期，影響到不少文人學者，這是毋庸懷疑的。朝鮮自建國初期始，由朝廷主導《莊子》的刊印，甚至有時在朝廷中用它來講學。在朝鮮莊學的演變過程當中，16-17世紀是一個相當特殊的時期，那是因為當時不少學人熱衷閱讀《莊子》，有些人解釋莊子學說的內涵，有些人藉《莊子》呈現出自身的感懷。值得注意的是，在這種過程中，朝鮮學人無論有意或無意，給《莊子》予以學術上的定位，這與明末清初明遺民對於《莊子》的認知有相同的思維方式。本文針對16-17世紀朝鮮學界以儒解《莊》的風氣，做初步的探討，其主要內容有兩點：第一、先查考眾多《莊子》註解本中，朝鮮盛行的《莊子》註解本有哪些，並藉此說明朝鮮莊學的基本性質；第二、在相關資料中，先說明16-17世紀的朝鮮學人為何關注《莊子》，然後找出關於以儒解《莊》的資料，並說明其詮釋的具體內涵。  《Zhuangzi》 was first introduced to Korea during the Three Kingdoms Period and influenced many writers during the Goryeo and Joseon periods. There is no doubt about this. Joseon Dynasty led the publication of the 《Zhuangzi》 from the early days of its founding， and even studied lecture with 《Zhuangzi》 in Royal Court. In the Joseon Dynasty， the 16th and 17th centuries were a very special time in the process of changing the perception of the 《Zhuangzi》. Because many scholars were very enthusiastic about reading it then， and some scholars expressed their feelings through the book and granted academic status to it. This is due to the same way in which the people of Ming ang Qing periods of China. This paper is intended to give a basic review to the academic ethos - Zhuangzi is interpreted from Confucian perspectives of Joseon’s academic community in the 16th and 17th centuries. The main content is twofold. First， we investigate an annotated edition， which became popular in Joseon among many annotated edition of 《Zhuangzi》. And through this， we will explain the basic characteristics of the study of Zhuangzi in Joseon Dynasty. Second， we would like to start by looking at what made Joseon scholars in the 16th and 17th centuries interested in 《Zhuangzi》. Next， this paper would like to find the material that Zhuangzi is interpreted from Confucian perspectives and explain the concrete meaning of such interpretation.