IMPROVEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR REGULATING THE INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The article explores the theoretical and methodological aspects of the organizational and economic mechanism for regulating the innovation activity of transport enterprises, identifies groups of factors that ensure the innovative activity of an enterprise, and examines the key factors for accelerating the processes of innovation. It has been proved that innovative activity is determined by two groups of factors that provide the competitive advantage of an enterprise: internal and external. The effective use of internal factors that reflect the essential features of the enterprise, distinguish it from competitors and determine its innovative ability, ensures the establishment and management of innovative activities for the enterprise. Systematized external factors that determine the innovative activity of the enterprise, and its market position. The key factors for accelerating the processes of implementing innovations at the enterprise are identified, the founders of which are the increase in the degree of state participation in innovative processes; simplification of the procedure for passing any innovation from the development stage to the stage of its launch on the market, taking into account cultural, institutional and infrastructural features; increasing the level of market infrastructure development; development of forms of public-private partnership; formation of a regional structure for promoting innovations; improvement of the system of taxation of enterprises engaged in innovation through the use of a system of tax credits for scientific research and development, the use of tax rebates and innovative tax credits; improvement of other ways of attracting capital. The analysis of the current legislation in Ukraine, on the basis of which the innovative activity of enterprises is regulated, is carried out. Based on the analysis, the priority areas of innovation activity in Ukraine, consisting of strategic and medium-term ones, are identified. It is substantiated that the imperfection of legal documents regulating innovation activity in Ukraine slows down the introduction of innovations by transport enterprises. The analysis of economic literature carried out in the article proves the absence of a single acceptable approach for determining an effective organizational and economic mechanism for innovation activity. The priority directions of the innovative development of the transport system are determined and justified according to the criteria of innovation. The necessity is proved and the ways of implementation of the state regulation of innovation activity are proposed. The ways of improving the organizational, economic and legal mechanisms to support and stimulate the introduction of innovations in transport enterprises are proposed.