Biosurvey of Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd), and Lead (Pb) Contamination in Reclamation Island-Jakarta Bay

Abstract

: Man-made islands allegedly alter the coastline that slowing pollutants retention time. Green mussels ( Perna viridis ) are one of the organisms known to accumulate heavy metals. Biosurvey needs to be conducted to acquire information on heavy metal content in man-made habitat and biota. The aims of this research are to identify the water quality related to heavy metal presence; to measure heavy metal content in green mussels ( Perna viridis ) around the reclaimed island to determine heavy metal level pollution on reclamation island. Sampling was conducted in August 2017 in reclamation islands C and D. Heavy metal measurement values refer to the SNI method 3554-2015. Data of heavy metal content in water, sediment, and green mussels were analyzed with quantitative descriptive method. The results show biological oxygen demands (BOD), and chemical oxygen demands (COD) has exceeded the water quality standard which indicates a high level of pollution. The results of the examination of the heavy metal in seawater show that mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are below the tools detection limit ( < 0.0002; < 0.00011; < 0.00086 mg/L) and below seawater pollution standard for biota. Concentrations of heavy metals mercury, cadmium, and lead in sediments around the reclaimed islands and Teluk Naga area are below heavy metal pollution standards for sediments. Mercury (Hg) levels below the tools detection limit ( < 0.0004 mg/L); cadmium (Cd) ranges from 0.02-0.20 mg/L; lead (Pb) ranges from 0.50 to 5.46 mg/L. Heavy metals examination in green mussels indicate that mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) are below the tools detection limit ( < 0.001; < 0.00011; < 0.00086 mg/L) and below the heavy metal pollution standard on bivalves. Generally, water and sediment around the reclaimed islands and natural habitat in August 2017 are not polluted by heavy metals so there is no harm to biota. Heavy metals quality in water, sediment and mussels are below the pollution standard and based on the USEPA system belong to grade A. The heavy metal index on Reclaimed Island is 18 and considered good. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the reclaimed islands C and D in August 2017 were safe from heavy metal mercury, cadmium, and lead pollutions.