“Not to Be Trammeled”

Terryl L. Givens, Brian M. Hauglid
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Abstract

Christian creeds go back to the first Christian centuries. Catholics produced creeds largely to establish the lines demarcating orthodoxy and heresy. Protestants at first were hostile to creeds and often invoked the Bible as the lone and sufficient creed for Christians. Joseph Smith’s hostility to creeds was common, especially among other restorationists. Eventually virtually all Protestants realized that without a creed, boundary maintenance was impossible. Early missionaries of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints found it necessary to summarize and define the uniqueness of their message—effectively creating the first creeds. Joseph Smith, explicitly hostile to creeds as too circumscribing of belief, found himself forced by the same imperative to articulate his own summation of Mormon teachings. His Thirteen Articles of Faith are, however, wholly inadequate as a creed, since they omit many of the most core doctrines of the church. They are best understood, in Rodney Stark’s formula, as establishing an optimum tension with competing religious faiths—not too radical and not too familiar.
“不被束缚”
基督教的信条可以追溯到最初的几个世纪。天主教徒产生信条主要是为了建立正统和异端的界限。新教徒起初对信条怀有敌意,经常援引《圣经》作为基督徒唯一和充分的信条。约瑟夫·史密斯对信仰的敌意是很普遍的,尤其是在其他修复主义者中。最终,几乎所有的新教徒都意识到,没有信条,边界维护是不可能的。耶稣基督后期圣徒教会的早期传教士发现有必要总结和定义他们信息的独特性——有效地创造了最初的信条。约瑟夫·斯密,明确地反对信条,认为它过于局限信仰,发现自己被同样的命令所迫,不得不阐明自己对摩门教教义的总结。然而,他的《十三条信条》作为一个信条是完全不够的,因为它们省略了许多教会最核心的教义。在罗德尼·斯塔克的公式中,他们最好被理解为在相互竞争的宗教信仰之间建立一种最佳的紧张关系——既不太激进,也不太熟悉。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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