Trends of growing human organ in farm animal’s body, review paper

Abstract

There is a huge gap in supply versus demand of human organs for transplantation. There is a need to bridge this gap either by motivate more people to allow organ donation or rely on alternative methods such as improved artificial organ support systems (dialysis machines, bio artificial liver) or search for better ways to circumvent the problems, mainly immunological, with xenografts.1,2 This includes improved methods for suppressing host immunity and growing humanized organs in animals. Recent developments with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have yielded new option-growing organs from pluripotent stem cells derived from the patient’s own tissues. Attempts have been made to grow.1 Stem cells are cells that can specialize into the many different cells found in the human body. Researchers have great hopes that stem cells can one day be used to grow entire organs, or at least groups of specialized cells.3 Xenotransplantation using organ grafts from non-human animals is a possible solution, but the less human the organ the more likely the recipient is to suffer from organ rejection by the immune system.4 But simply using the animal body as a bay for maintaining fully organs until needed is another matter and the effort now is to grow the human organ, or humanized animal organ, within the animal and leave it there until needed.5 Apparently, it is now even possible to grow entire human organs inside animals. In fact, scientists in Japan plan to start systematically growing human organs inside of pigs within 12months.5,6 The goal is to increase the number of organs available for medical transplants. But once a human organ is grown inside a pig, that pig is no longer fully a pig. And without a doubt, that organ will no longer be a fully human organ after it is grown inside the pig.5 Therefore the objective of this paper was to review the trends of growing human organ in farm Animals body and importance of growing human’s organ in farm animal’s body for the society.