Wildfires in terms of unmanned systems. Current methods and solution review

A. Fellner, Maciej Zawistowski
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Abstract

The analysis of the literature shows that numerous factors, such as Climate change, more and more frequent and long-lasting droughts, and the growing trend of using forests for recreational purposes, cause a constant increase in the risk of forest fires. Poland, despite having numerous and vast forest areas in the form of national or landscape parks, is classified as having an average risk of fire compared to other European countries. Currently, our country is characterized by the emergence of a large number of forest fires within a small area. In 2019, there were almost 9,200 such events, which put Poland in third place in Europe (behind Spain and Portugal). It should be noted, however, that large-scale forest fires with an area of several hundred hectares have occurred and are still a threat in Poland. Therefore, it has been proposed to use a proactive method to limit or compensate for the effects of hazards caused by large-scale fires, which are of key safety, environmental and economic importance. In the article, the authors focused on the presentation of the currently used solutions and compensation for the effects of these threats and presented possible prospective solutions based on the conducted and planned scientific research on monitoring large-scale fires and the possibility of forecasting them during operational activities, based on unmanned systems and techniques and satellite technologies.
在无人系统方面的野火。当前方法和解决方案回顾
对文献的分析表明,许多因素,如气候变化,越来越频繁和持久的干旱,以及将森林用于娱乐目的的日益增长的趋势,导致森林火灾的风险不断增加。尽管波兰拥有大量的国家公园或景观公园,但与其他欧洲国家相比,波兰被列为具有平均火灾风险的国家。目前,我国的特点是小范围内出现大量的森林火灾。2019年,波兰举办了近9200场此类活动,在欧洲排名第三(仅次于西班牙和葡萄牙)。但是,应当指出,在波兰已经发生了面积达几百公顷的大规模森林火灾,并且仍然是一种威胁。因此,人们提出了一种积极主动的方法来限制或补偿大规模火灾造成的危害的影响,这对安全、环境和经济都具有重要意义。在文章中,作者着重介绍了目前使用的解决方案和对这些威胁影响的补偿,并根据已进行和计划进行的关于监测大规模火灾的科学研究以及在作战活动期间基于无人系统和技术以及卫星技术预测火灾的可能性,提出了可能的前瞻性解决方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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