The Study of MPPT Algorithm for Solar Battery Charging System

Abstract

Renewable energy is a topic that is frequently researched recently due to the negative environmental changes brought by using non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels. The application of the renewable energy is wide including being used to charge a battery using buck converter in general charging system. However, the problems faced by these solar charging systems is the inability to regulate and stabilize the output of the PV module, causing the loss of efficiency of PV module. A mechanism that is used to solve the problem is to develop the algorithm for maximum power point tracking in PV module. Thus, the project aims to improve the performance of battery charging system by using different MPPT algorithms and compared their performance with issues being analyzed, and helped to suggest the best algorithm to maximize the power supply and consumption effectively based on the MATLAB/Simulink results. The MPPT techniques used in the study consist of Constant Voltage (CV), Perturb and Observe (P&O), Incremental Conductance (INC) and also Hill Climbing (HC). The algorithms will be used on buck converter and compared with conventional solar battery chargers that uses PID controller for voltage regulation. The results are obtained from measurements of various parameters and they will be compared with the theoretical value with error calculation to determine the efficiency of the mechanism and also analyzed to determine the causes and effects of the simulation and for comparison. The results show that different algorithms can affect the performance of the system, such as changing transient times, power efficiency, shape of graph and so on. In conclusion, the best algorithm is Incremental Conductance due to its high-power efficiency and stable parameter output for battery charging system, in which further work done can be continued to include more weather data and constructing complex algorithm as well.