A Review of Autonomous Glaucomatous Grading via OCT Imagery

Abstract

Glaucoma is a progressive and degenerative optic neuropathy that damages the optic nerve due to increased intraocular pressure and yields various visual field abnormalities. Any damage to the optic nerve (due to glaucoma) is irreversible because of the incapacity of the retinal nerve fibers to regenerate. However, the glaucomatous progression can be properly cured if it is diagnosed in the early stages. Furthermore, health authorities worldwide have prioritized the early detection and prevention of glaucomatous progression, and in this regard, presenting a comprehensive insight on the recent literature serves as a critical benchmark to both researchers and clinicians. Towards this end, this paper presents a detailed overview of the state-of-the-art clinical and technical methods related to glaucomatous detection, grading, and prognosis. The clinical work focuses on glaucoma diagnosis and progression tracking in different retinal regions such as the retinal layers, optic never head, and lamina cribrosa, while the technical works focus on producing lesion-aware screening and grading of glaucomatous pathologies via optical coherence tomography.