Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals In Indonesia: Quadruple Helix Model

Abstract

This study has two objectives, namely measuring the sustainable development index (SDI) and analyzing the role of development actors using the Quadruple Helix model which is a collaborative concept with networks that connect academics, government, industry, and society, each of which will run according to its function in development based on the common interest. SDI is a composite index of HDI which is a combination of economic and social pillars, EQI to measure the Environmental pillar and IDI is an indicator for the pillars of governance and law in Indonesia. The government's role in the SDGs is in accordance with its function as an allocator, distributor and stabilizer as measured by the variables of the Regional Government Expenditure Ratio to GRDP, the Ratio of Regional Taxes to GRDP, the level of inflation, and the effectiveness of regional finance, while the private sector's role is measured by the size of Private Investment, Banking Credit and Per Capita Consumption Expenditure. The role of universities in achieving the SDGs is indicated by the large gross enrollment rate (GER) of universities and community indicators in society measured by the performance of micro and small businesses. The estimation method used is panel data analysis with a coverage area of 33 provinces in 2016-2020. The estimation results show that bank credit, the performance of Micro and Small Enterprises and the Gross Enrollment Rate (GER) of universities have a positive and significant influence on SDI.