Ontologier i Det Gamle Testamente: analogisme og animisme (Gen 1 og 2-3)

Hans J. Lundager Jensen
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Abstract

Resume: Denne artikel har to teser: (1) at den aktuelle antropologiske debat om ontologier har relevans også for Bibelfagene, og at eksegeter derfor bør tage ved lære af den; (2) at de to såkaldte skabelsesberetninger i Genesis er baseret på to forskellige ontologier, og at de derfor er gode illustrationer af hvad ontologidebatten drejer sig om. Artiklen indeholder en præsentation af Philippe Descolas analyse af fire ontologier: totemisme, animisme, analogisme og naturalisme. Af disse relateres analogisme og animisme til Gen 1 og Gen 2-3. Afslutningsvis gives eksempler på en række forskellige udtryk for analogistisk ontologi i GTSummary in English: Ontologies in the Old Testament: Analogism and animism (Gen 1 and Gen 2-3)This article, written in Danish, has two theses: (1) the contemporary debate on ontologies is relevant also for Biblical studies and Biblical scholars will profit from knowing about it; (2) the two so-called creation narratives in Genesis are based on two different ontologies, and they therefore provide good examples of what the ontology-debate is about. The article presents Philippe Descola’s analysis of four ontologies: totemism, animism, analogism, and naturalism. Among these four, Gen 1 presupposes analogism, Gen 2-3 animism. Finally, the article provides a number of examples of analogistic thinking in the Old Testament.
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