Marriage and Silences

M. Booth
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Abstract

This chapter assesses Fawwaz’s writings on marriage, divorce, and family life, 1892‒1900. In stand-alone essays and a long-running debate with a customs official, published in the journal Fursat al-awqat, Fawwaz addressed the exploitation of late versions of Islamic fiqh (jurisprudence) and its hadith sources, and the fiction of the Islamic basis of extreme seclusion, as patriarchal mechanisms to keep women subordinate and unhappy in marriage. It assesses the reformist views of Muhammad ‘Abduh while arguing that Fawwaz focused less on legal change and more on the prevalence of misogynistic views in the marital relationship that maintained the hegemony of patriarchal social organization. In her debate with Husayn Fawzi, Fawwaz used logic, arguments from history, and knowledge of Islamic sources to reject his understanding of gender, based on his reading of the creation story, Qur’an, and hadith, and medieval marriage manuals. This debate centred on marriage but went beyond it to explore Islamic understandings of gender difference.
婚姻与沉默
本章评估了法瓦兹在1892-1900年间关于婚姻、离婚和家庭生活的著作。在《Fursat al-awqat》杂志上发表的一篇独立的文章和与一名海关官员的长期辩论中,法瓦兹谈到了对伊斯兰教法(法学)及其圣训来源的后期版本的利用,以及伊斯兰极端隔离的虚构基础,作为男权机制,使妇女处于从属地位,在婚姻中不快乐。它评估了穆罕默德·阿布杜的改革派观点,同时认为法瓦兹较少关注法律变革,而更多地关注婚姻关系中普遍存在的厌恶女性的观点,这种观点维持了父权社会组织的霸权。在与侯赛因·法兹的辩论中,法瓦兹用逻辑、历史论据和伊斯兰知识来反驳他对性别的理解,这些理解是基于他对创世故事、古兰经、圣训和中世纪婚姻手册的阅读。这场辩论以婚姻为中心,但也超越了婚姻,探讨了伊斯兰教对性别差异的理解。
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