Simulation for Design the Compressed ECG Signal Transmission System with Baseline Wander Noise

Abstract

An electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a representation of the electrical activity generated by the heart muscles that is primarily used to detect heart abnormalities. Due to the sensitive nature of the ECG, it contains many types of noise such as baseline wandering, powerline interference, EMG signal, and electrode motion artifacts. This paper introduces a simple signal processing techniques to remove baseline wandering noise from ECG signal. Baseline wandering is a low-frequency noise ranging from 0.5 to 0.6 Hz. This paper proposes a Notch filter and an orthogonal wavelet family by Daubechies families to reduce baseline wandering from the ECG signal. In this work, the ECG compression is based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) and Run Length Encoding (RLE). A comparative study for system performance of the ECG signal in terms of compression ratio (CR), percentage root mean square difference (PRD), mean square error (MSE), and peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). The results showed that only 12% of the DCT coefficients after the compression process are used to reconstruct the ECG signal, with a compression ratio up to 8.6957 by using (RLE) encoding. Percentage root mean square difference is 0.1436 (PRD) after filtering the signal with a low-pass FIR at the PSNR is equal to 31. 0157dB at the end point of the receiver.