Double Parathyroid Adenoma: Culprit Behind A Non- Functioning Kidney

Abstract

Double Parathyroid adenoma is a rare disease, with hyperparathyroid crisis being one of its unusualmanifestations. Large rise in parathyroid hormone (PTH)levels in benign parathyroid disease is unusual andhave been associated with more sinister diseases.The majority of patients suffering with the clinical entityhyperparathyroidism are found to have adenomas of one or more parathyroid glands, and the pathologicphysiology of the disease is corrected by surgical removal of the tumor. In general, parathyroid tumors areclassified into adenoma, hyperplasia, cystic changes and carcinoma. The differentiation between adenomaand hyperplasia is often difficult in usual histopathological examinations. Compared to hyperplasia,parathyroid adenomas often show a higher increase in the level of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH). Bonefractures, calculi of the urinary tract and higher serum calcium levels are more frequently the first symptomsof parathyroid adenomas than of hyperplasia. We report in this article, a case of double parathyroid adenomawith recurrent bilateral renal calculi.