Recent Advancement in the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

Abstract

Because of its miscellaneous properties, developing less environmentally hazardous and trustworthy methodologies has become one of the most crucial steps toward synthesizing nanoparticles (NPs) among researchers and scientists. In this direction, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs or SNPs) have gained much attention because of their anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties, potential toxicity, and unusual physicochemical features. Concerning the toxicity of silver nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles may prove to be an essential tool against many drug-resistant microorganisms and substitutes for antibiotics. However, the synthesis of AgNPs using conventional methods had a toxic impact and caused much damage to the ecosystem. Researchers have used various production techniques to prevent the adverse effects of toxic chemicals, including algae, bacteria, fungi, and plants. This review study has covered recent advancements in green synthetic methodologies for synthesizing AgNPs. This insight provides a comprehensive overview of key findings in the green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and attempts to focus on factors affecting their synthesis, characterization, applications, potential toxic impact on living organisms, merits/demerits, and prospects.