Electromigration in solder bumps: A mean-time-to-failure TCAD study

Abstract

The mechanical and electrical properties of solder bumps influence the overall reliability of 3D ICs. A characteristic of solder bumps is that during technology processing and usage their material composition changes. This compositional transformation is enhanced by electromigration and leads to the formation of voids which can cause a complete failure of a solder bump. In this paper we present a compact model for prediction of the mean-time-to-failure of solder bumps under the influence of electromigration.