Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) System Performance Analysis in Dhaka, Bangladesh for Different Flow Regimes Using Kerosene Oil-Based CNT Nanofluid

Abstract

Recent price hikes for energy sources such as oil, gas, and electricity in Bangladesh will aggravate the country’s poverty and hunger. As a result, experts suggested reducing electricity production’s reliance on fossil fuels and promoting renewable and clean energy sources. As oil-based nanofluid makes nanofluid more stable and improves its thermophysical properties at higher temperature and pressure, in this study, kerosene oilbased CNT nanofluid is used as a coolant to compare the effects of different flow regimes (creeping flow, laminar flow, and transitional flow) on the performance of a flat plate PV/T collector in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Finite element-based software COMSOL Multiphysics of version 5.4 is used for varying solar irradiation $(200\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{m}^{2}\leq \mathrm{G}\leq 1000\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{m}^{2})$. The wind velocity and ambient temperature are fixed at 2. $45\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{s}$ and $29^{0}\mathrm{C}$ respectively, considering the Bangladeshi condition. Empirical outputs are collected from postprocessing and presented in 3D surface plot, table, and line diagram using Microsoft excel. The results suggested that transitional flow is the most efficient, followed by laminar flow. However, compared to creeping flow, the difference between laminar and transitional flow is less significant. This project will improve the performance of PVTs in Dhaka, Bangladesh, by discovering the most effective alternate electrical and thermal energy sources.