Assessment Vulnerability Index of West Coast of South Sulawesi, Indonesia: A Case Study in Segeri Beach, Pangkajene and Islands Regency

Abstract

The coastal area of Segeri Sub-district, Pangkajene and Island Regency, as one of the areas along the West Coast of South Sulawesi, is a zone prone to the natural phenomenon of sea level rise. The impact of this phenomenon needs to be studied to identify the level of coastal vulnerability and project changes in coastal vulnerability in the future. The research aims to calculate the coastal vulnerability index and project changes in vulnerability in the future due to changes in factors that affect coastal vulnerability. This research was conducted for five months at Bone-Village Beach of area Bawasalo and Bontomatene Segeri Sub-district, Pangkajene and Islands Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The method of data analysis carried out is the Analysis of coastal ecosystems and resources, analysis of physical and social characteristics of the community, and analysis of coastal environmental vulnerability with the Vulnerability Scoping Diagram (VSD) model that places exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity as dimensions of Vulnerability Index. The components of the exposure dimension consist of coastal dynamics, natural disturbances, and population. Components of the sensitivity dimension are coastal characteristics, land use, and human settlements. The adaptive capacity dimension includes coastal habitat and marine conservation areas. Based on the score of each parameter in the three dimensions, the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) of all observed locations is in the range of CVI values 7.96 - 9.59, which means the category of Moderate Vulnerability. Factors that strongly influence the CVI are the sensitivity dimensions, including Erosion, waves, and tides caused by oceanographic factors so; that if The Segeri Coastal Area does not make adaptation and mitigation efforts, then the possibility of the next 5 - 10 years, the level of Coastal vulnerability Index can be a high or very high Vulnerability. Adaptation efforts that can be made are strengthening the coastal boundary area, planting and expanding mangrove trees in the Segeri coastal area.