Detection of the Renal Calculus by Twinkling Artifact in Color Doppler Ultrasonography

Abstract

Introduction: Renal calculus is a solid mass of crystals that may block the urinary tract. Calcium and oxalate combine to create the majority of these crystals. These kidney stones pass via the urinary system to leave the body. Most stones may not certainly cause any symptoms or signs until they start moving toward the ureter. For detecting kidney stones twinkling artifact in Color Doppler Ultrasonography (CDU) is a useful sensitive instrument. The twinkling artifact's effect is highly dependent on machine settings and is probably created by phase (or clock) jitter. When illuminating specific rough reflecting surfaces during color Doppler imaging, this phenomenon is frequently seen. It appears as a distinct point of alternating colors that may or may not have a comet tail associated with it. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study was to detect renal calculous twinkling artifacts in color Doppler ultrasonography. Methods: This prospective clinical study was conducted at the Department of Radiology and Imaging in BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, to detect the twinkling artifact in color Doppler ultrasonogram in the defection of renal calculus. The study period was one year, starting from 1st July 2013 to 30th June 2014. A total number of 59 clinically suspected subjects were selected by purposive sampling method. A consecutive selection method was followed for the selection of the participants. Result: This study was detected for the twinkling artifact in color Doppler ultrasonography. All the subjects were selected for the study by purposive sampling method. The findings derived from the data analysis are presented as tabular or figure format where necessary. Out of the total 54 patients, 35 (64.82%) were male and 19 (35.18%) were female. The mean age of the patients was (SD) ± 13.42 years their age ranged from 31 to 64 years. Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler twinkling artifact was found to be 95.83% with specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, ...........