Thermodynamic Model of Moving Vacuum Arcs on Contrate Contacts

2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI:10.1109/DEIV.2006.357285

D. Branston, W. Haas, W. Hartmann, R. Renz, N. Wenzel

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引用次数: 7

Abstract

The behavior of constricted vacuum arcs on radial magnetic field (RMF) contacts in vacuum tubes of medium voltage circuit breakers strongly determines the breaking capacity of these contact systems. The movement of these arcs under the influence of the RMF is investigated with the help of a one-dimensional (1D) thermodynamic model of the arc and its interaction with the contact surface. Heat conduction and evaporation are taken care of analytically, while the size of the arc root and, hence, its current density has been determined experimentally. The energy balance is solved by using empirical values for the respective sheath voltage drops. It is complemented by a momentum balance incorporating neutral vapor loss from the arc boundaries, which is found to be essential for the quantitative understanding of the arc physics. A time-dependent analysis of the arc properties like the arc velocity during a sine half-wave produces a good agreement with experimental values measured for different sizes of contrate contacts. The model is explained and compared to experimental results of arc velocity and experimentally determined switching capacity, respectively

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真空弧在接触面上运动的热力学模型

中压断路器真空管中径向磁场触点的收缩真空电弧行为对触点系统的分断能力有很大的决定作用。借助电弧的一维热力学模型及其与接触面的相互作用，研究了这些电弧在RMF影响下的运动。热传导和蒸发是用解析法计算的，而电弧根的大小和电流密度是用实验法确定的。能量平衡通过使用各自护套电压降的经验值来解决。它是一个动量平衡的补充，包括电弧边界的中性蒸汽损失，这被认为是定量理解电弧物理的必要条件。对正弦半波期间的电弧速度等电弧特性进行的时间相关分析与不同尺寸的contate触点测量的实验值非常吻合。对模型进行了解释，并与电弧速度和开关容量的实验结果进行了比较

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2006 International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum

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