AN OVERVIEW ON ASSESSMENT TESTS FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE IN MEXICO. THE NATIONAL DEMENTIA SURVEY: A STUDY FROM THE MEXICAN GROUP OF SPECIALISTS IN DEMENTIAS

S. Ramírez Díaz, G. Albert Meza, R.E. Albrecht Junghanns, I.C. Zúñiga Gil, M.A. Bedia Reyes, L.A. Barba Valadez, E. Almanza Huante
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Abstract

Objective: To know the current status of the clinical assessment tests used to evaluate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and memory-related dementias in specific regions throughout Mexico. Design, patients and settings: Patients with objective memory impairment were subjected to a clinical survey in medical centers specializing in memory loss. Each patient’s consultation was conducted like a routine clinical practice. Patient’s data were recorded using an anonymous patient survey. The most prominent behavioral problems were recorded. Results: 1350 patients were tested, 65.19% female (n=880). Out of 1350 patients, 76.59% (n=1034) had been previously diagnosed with any kind of dementia. The most common diagnosis concerning cognitive impairment was AD (54.2%, n=560) and Vascular Dementia (VaD, 19.7%, n=204). Minimental State Examination (MMSE) was performed in all patients and the average score was of 18±7. Katz scale for Activities of Daily Living (ADL) was performed in 49.41% (n=667) of patients, Lawton and Brody scale for Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in 35.78% (n=483), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-Yesavage) in 32.89% (n=444). The most prominent behavioral symptom was apathy (12.15%, n=164).The most frequent concomitant diseases were: high blood pressure in 52.3%, diabetes in 27.0% and Dyslipidemia in 23.4%. Conclusions: Through the assessment of clinical surveys throughout Mexico, it was found that the most common form of dementia is AD and it is followed by VaD. Commonly, the Katz, Lawton and Brody, and the GDS-Yesavage scales are clinical assessment tests that are the most commonly used. There are many differences in the use of tests to evaluate patients with dementia across Mexico. For the first time, we were able to identify tendencies in the assessment of dementias by Mexican physicians.
墨西哥阿尔茨海默病评估试验概况。国家痴呆症调查:一项来自墨西哥痴呆症专家小组的研究
目的:了解墨西哥特定地区用于评估阿尔茨海默病(AD)和记忆相关痴呆的临床评估试验的现状。设计、患者和环境:客观记忆障碍患者在专门研究记忆丧失的医疗中心接受了一项临床调查。每个病人的咨询都像常规的临床实践一样进行。采用匿名患者调查记录患者数据。记录最突出的行为问题。结果:共检测1350例患者,其中女性占65.19% (n=880)。在1350名患者中,76.59% (n=1034)以前被诊断患有任何类型的痴呆。最常见的认知障碍诊断是AD (54.2%, n=560)和血管性痴呆(VaD, 19.7%, n=204)。所有患者均行最小状态检查(MMSE),平均得分为18±7分。49.41% (n=667)的患者采用Katz日常生活活动量表(ADL), 35.78% (n=483)的患者采用Lawton和Brody日常生活辅助活动量表(IADL), 32.89% (n=444)的患者采用GDS-Yesavage量表。最突出的行为症状是冷漠(12.15%,n=164)。最常见的伴随疾病是:高血压(52.3%)、糖尿病(27.0%)和血脂异常(23.4%)。结论:通过对墨西哥各地临床调查的评估,发现痴呆最常见的形式是AD,其次是VaD。通常,卡茨,劳顿和布罗迪量表和GDS-Yesavage量表是最常用的临床评估测试。在使用测试来评估墨西哥各地的痴呆症患者方面存在许多差异。这是第一次,我们能够在墨西哥医生对痴呆症的评估中识别出趋势。
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