Some indicators of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection in the erythrocytes of former athletes

A. Elikov
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Abstract

Objective: to study the main indicators of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection in the erythrocytes of former athletes, depending on the period of termination of sports.Materials and methods: 24 former male athletes aged 19–29 years were examined, who were divided into 2 groups of 12 people each (1st group — former athletes who stopped training for up to 2 years; 2nd — over 2 years). The control group consisted of 15 practically healthy untrained student volunteers of the same age. In erythrocytes, spectrophotometrically (spectrophotometer Shimadzu 1240, Japan), the activity of antioxidant enzymes was determined: superoxide dismutase (SOD) (K.F. 1.15.1.1) — by inhibiting the reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium by superoxide anion radical at λ = 540 nm, after preliminary processing of erythrocytes by the method of Dubinina E.E. and others [8]; catalase (K.F. 1.11.1.6) — according to the rate of utilization of hydrogen peroxide at λ = 260 nm; glutathione peroxidase (HP) (KF 1.11.1.9) — by the change in the content of reduced glutathione in samples before and after incubation of the substrate with dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid at λ = 412 nm; glutathione reductase (GR) (K.F. 1.6.4.2) — according to the catalytic NADPH ∙ H+-dependent transformation of the oxidized form of glutathione into the reduced form, the intensity of which was estimated by the rate of decrease in the extinction of samples at λ = 340 nm, at which the NADPH H+ solution has a maximum light absorption (Warburg test).Results: the direction of the shifts in the state of the oxidative balance was established depending on the period of detraining. A significantly lower value of the total antioxidant activity was revealed in the former athletes of the 1st group. This phenomenon is probably associated with a decrease in the efficiency of the enzymatic link of the antioxidant defense in the absence of regular physical exertion, and, as a consequence, an increased consumption of non-enzymatic antioxidants. It was found that the early post-sports period is characterized by significantly lower, in comparison with the control group, the values of the activity of the first-order enzymes (superoxide dismutase) against the background of the increased activity of the second-order enzymes (catalase).Conclusions: the obtained data can be recommended for monitoring the state of athletes who stopped playing sports and taken into account when prescribing rehabilitation measures for the corresponding contingent.
退役运动员红细胞中自由基氧化和抗氧化保护的一些指标
目的:研究退役运动员红细胞中自由基氧化和抗氧化保护的主要指标,并根据不同的运动终止期进行研究。材料与方法:选取24名年龄在19-29岁的退役男性运动员为研究对象,将其分为2组,每组12人(第一组为停止训练2年以上的退役运动员;第二次-超过2年)。对照组由15名几乎健康、未经训练的同龄学生志愿者组成。在红细胞中,分光光度法(分光光度计岛津1240,日本)测定了抗氧化酶的活性:超氧化物歧化酶(SOD) (K.F. 1.15.1.1) -通过Dubinina E.E.等方法对红细胞进行初步处理后,在λ = 540 nm处,超氧化物阴离子自由基抑制硝基蓝四唑的还原[8];过氧化氢酶(K.F. 1.11.1.6) -根据过氧化氢在λ = 260 nm处的利用率;谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(HP) (KF 1.11.1.9) -通过底物与二硫比-硝基苯甲酸在λ = 412 nm孵育前后样品中还原性谷胱甘肽含量的变化;谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR) (K.F. 1.6.4.2)——根据NADPH∙H+催化谷胱甘肽氧化形式转化为还原形式,其强度由样品在λ = 340 nm处消光下降率估计,在此处NADPH H+溶液具有最大的光吸收(Warburg试验)。结果:确定了氧化平衡状态随去训练时间变化的方向。第一组前运动员的总抗氧化活性明显降低。这种现象可能与缺乏规律体力活动时抗氧化防御的酶链效率下降有关,因此,非酶抗氧化剂的消耗增加。结果发现,与对照组相比,运动后早期的特点是一级酶(超氧化物歧化酶)的活性值明显降低,而二级酶(过氧化氢酶)的活性增加。结论:所得数据可推荐用于监测停止运动的运动员的状态,并在为相应队伍制定康复措施时予以考虑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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