Correlation between Colposcopic Findings and Histopathological Results from Colposcopy Directed Biopsy in VIA(+VE) Cases

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is a major global health problem, with a high burden in developing countries. Early detection and management of precancerous conditions, such as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), can help to prevent the development of cervical cancer. Colposcopy, which involves the visualization of the cervix through optical instruments, is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of cervical abnormalities. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between colposcopy findings and histopathological results in cases where visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA) was positive. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Gynecology, Institute of Child and Mother Health, Matuail, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study duration was 1 year, from November 2017 to October 2018. Participants were recruited from the hospital’s gynecology outpatient department and included 95 women who had a positive VIA test. A Purposive consecutive sampling method was followed for the selection of the participants. Results: The study included 95 patients in Bangladesh who had a positive VIA test. The age distribution of the patients ranged from 25 to 60 years, with a mean age of 35.89±8.88 years. The majority of patients (85.3%) had acetowhite areas, followed by 11 (11.5%) punctuation and 3 (3.2%) mixed (acetowhite area and mosaicism). Histopathological findings revealed that one-third (33.6%) of patients had chronic cervicitis, with 36 (378.8%) having moderate dysplasia, 16 (16.8%) having mild dysplasia, 7 (7.5%) having invasive carcinoma, and 4 (4.2%) having chronic cervicitis with sq. metaplasia. Among the cases, the comparison between colposcopy-directed biopsy results and Colposcopy findings. It was observed that more than one-fourth of 24(29.7%) patients were chronic cervicitis in pure acetowhite area, 8(72.7%) in punctuation, and all patients were mild dysplasia in mixed (acetowhite area and mosaicism). Among 81 patients 53 patients presented with pre-cancerous lesions. The difference was statically significant (p<0.05) in the study patients. Conclusion: Colposcopy, which involves the visualization of the cervix through optical instruments, was found to be an effective tool for the diagnosis of cervical abnormalities in these cases. These findings highlight the importance of colposcopy as a diagnostic tool for cervical abnormalities, particularly in resource-limited settings where access to other screening methods may be limited.