Multilingual Composition in Translated Versions of Premchand's Selected Short Stories

Abstract

Throughout history, written and spoken translations have played a crucial role in inter-human communication, providing access to important texts for scholarship and religious purposes. The practice of translating is longestablished, but the discipline of translation studies is new. In academic circles, translation was previously related to just a language-learning activity. The study of literary translation began through comparative literature, translation workshops and contrastive analysis. Translation studies have expanded hugely and are now often considered interdisciplinary. History of Indian Translation in Literature has always been an attempt to reveal the various facts of ancient and modern Indian literature and its effect on the contemporary scene of Indian literature in English. It also highlights and discusses the very nature of translation to the Indians. The notion of translation was encouraged during the colonial period by the British. The translation is culture related. The interpreted approach is the branch of translation which is also known as the 'theory of sense'. This paper aims to analyse the interpretative approach in multilingual composition and translated versions of works of Premchand's selected short stories. Multilingual composition in translated versions of Premchand's short fiction published in Urdu and Hindi and translated into English by different translators over a period of time. It focuses on the translating process, particularly on the nature of meaning as sense- as opposed to linguistic or verbal meaning and the nature of linguistic ambiguities. The resultant theory makes a distinction between implicitness (what the writer intends to say or means) and explicitness (what is said or written).