Nanoparticles in the treatment of malignant neoplasms

Abstract

The penetration of new technologies into chemistry, biology and medicine has led to the creation of new disciplines - nanotechnology and nanomedicine, branches of science in which the size of the object of study becomes critical. At the same time, the widespread application of nanoparticles in biology and medicine requires an understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of their interaction with biological systems. This is especially important for the development of new methods of treatment and diagnosis with their help. The presented review is devoted to the use of nanoparticles in the treatment of malignant neoplasms and the creation of gene therapy systems based on them. The review considers various types of nanoparticles and features of their effect on malignant neoplasms, methods and techniques for using nanoparticles for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, as well as related problems and limitations. The characteristics of clinical preparations based on nanoparticles are presented.